What is the upward force exerted on the hull of the ship by displaced water?

The upward force exerted on the hull of the ship by displaced water is known as buoyancy. This principle is based on Archimedes' principle, which states that any object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. As a ship floats, it pushes water aside (displaces it), and in response, the water exerts an upward force on the ship's hull, counteracting gravity and keeping the ship afloat.

Understanding buoyancy is crucial in naval architecture and marine engineering since it governs how ships are designed and operated. Factors such as the shape of the hull and the density of the water influence the amount of buoyant force experienced. When a ship is properly designed, its buoyancy allows it to float while carrying its load, ensuring stability and safety at sea.

The other forces listed do not describe this upward interaction with displaced water. Gravity refers to the weight of the ship acting downward, resistance pertains to forces opposing the ship's motion through water, and drag is a specific type of resistance experienced by the hull as it moves through the fluid.